Severe traumatic brain injury is a form of acquired brain injury occurring when the head is involved in a sudden and severe trauma. The injury can be the result of an object piercing the skull and entering the brain tissue, or it can be the result of the head violently hitting an object. Severe traumatic brain injury can cause damage that leads to convulsions, seizures, coma, slurred speech and severe emotional, mental and cognitive disabilities. Time is of the essence in treating individuals with severe traumatic brain injury. Although there is little that can be done to reverse the initial trauma done to the brain, medical treatment involves stabilization to prevent any further medical trauma from occurring. Of utmost concern is making sure the brain is receiving adequate oxygen and blood supply. Many individuals with severe traumatic brain injury can recover to a functional life with the help of occupational therapy, speech therapy, physical therapy and the support of family and friends. Others are not so fortunate and require a lifetime of complete medical care that costs thousands of dollars. The most severe cases of traumatic brain injury remain in a coma or vegetative state for the reminder of their life and are institutionalized as a result.