In a personal injury case, there are three possible types of damages: compensatory damages, punitive damages, and aggravated damages. The first, compensatory damages, is intended to compensate the defendant for the actual losses that have resulted from the injury. These can include medical expenses, costs of repair, loss of income, and other expenses. The second type, punitive damages, is awarded for the sake of punishing the defendant for wrongdoing, if indeed there was. This type of damages is meant to prevent the defendant from repeating the action that caused the injury, and dually to deter others from doing the same. Since not all personal injury cases involve wrongdoing, not all require that punitive damages are awarded. If also there have been losses resulting from extraordinary misconduct by the defendant, aggravated damages may be awarded as well.